Potensi dan Risiko Terjadinya Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang di Perdagangan Karbon

Adiwarman Adiwarman

doi:10.59593/amlcft.2024.v2i2.136

Penulis

Adiwarman Adiwarman Fakultas Ilmu Administrasi, Universitas Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0781-5365

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59593/amlcft.2024.v2i2.136

Kata Kunci:

Bursa Karbon, Carbon Rights, Carbon Unit, Pencucian Uang, Perdagangan karbon

Abstrak

Perubahan iklim menjadi permasalahan global yang dampaknya terlihat, di antaranya naiknya permukaan air laut; gelombang panas yang terjadi di negara yang beriklim 4 musim; mutasi virus tertentu; dan mencairnya es di kutub Utara. Solusi utama permasalahan ini adalah dengan menurunkan emisi gas rumah kaca yang ditempuh melalui upaya domestik berbagai proyek dan mekanisme tambahan berupa perdagangan karbon. Namun demikian, sebagai inovasi di bidang jasa keuangan, perdagangan karbon menyimpan risiko dan potensi dijadikan sarana Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang (TPPU). Studi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai praktik perdagangan karbon yang terjadi dan membahas potensi perdagangan karbon menjadi sarana TPPU. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk memberikan jawaban mengenai prinsip atau asas hukum dan isu hukum yang relevan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitik dan normatif untuk mengidentifikasi potensi TPPU, serta menemukan permasalahan substansi ketentuan hukum yang ada. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa mekanisme penggunaan carbon credits maupun carbon rights rentan dijadikan alat melakukan TPPU baik di Bursa Karbon (pasar primer) maupun di luar Bursa Karbon. Hal ini semakin diperparah oleh kondisi sistem perdagangan, kelembagaan, ketentuan hukum, transparansi serta pengawasan yang masih dalam tahap pengembangan. Pencegahan dilakukan melalui penerapan prinsip Mengenali Nasabah dan Laporan Transaksi Keuangan Mencurigakan. Penegakan hukum dilakukan dengan merujuk pada ketentuan Undang-Undang TPPU Pasal 3, 4, 5, serta 6.

Unduhan

Data unduhan belum tersedia.

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